“The lot is cast into the lap, but its every decision is from the Lord.”
– Proverbs 16:33
The Hebrew word used ‘lot’ is גּוֹרָל, which refers to stones which were cast to get a decision.
Garments were also used sometimes. The word can also be used as a metaphor for ‘destiny.’
The IVP commentary explains that casting lots “is a form of divination in which the assumption is that God will determine the cast and thus provide the answer (usually yes or no) to the question that is posed.”
The clear implication from this verse is that ‘The LORD’ decides the final outcome of the cast lot(s) – it is not left to chance.
Just beyond that Proverbs 16:33 is Proverbs 18:18’s “The lot puts an end to disputes, and is decisive in a controversy between the mighty”. (Proverbs 18:18).
Another point using “lot” is in Acts 1:23-26. There the remaining 11 apostles needed a new 12th to replace Judas. They’d decide via a prayer and the casting of lots.
Acts 1:23-26: So they proposed two, Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also known as Justus, and Matthias. Then they prayed, “You, Lord, who know the hearts of all, show which one of these two you have chosen to take the place in this apostolic ministry from which Judas turned away to go to his own place”. Then they gave lots to them, and the lot fell upon Matthias, and he was counted with the eleven apostles.